Linux Solutions

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The guide will provide a user with advise and guidance on how to install Kiwi linux to a Flash drive.

Before we go ahead with the process of installing Kiwi Linux to a flash drive, it is a good idea to know what Kiwi Linux is. Kiwi is a free operating system based on Ubuntu Linux primarily targeted at users in Romania. The project comes on a single CD that can be used both as a live CD and for installing on the hard drive. Kiwi Linux is a modified Ubuntu live CD for the i386 architecture. It includes Romanian and Hungarian localisations, multimedia codecs, encrypted DVD support, Flash and Java plugins for Firefox, PPPoE GUI for accessing local Internet services (Clicknet and RDS) and write support for NTFS partitions.

Let’s see what is required in order to go ahead with the process of installing Kiwi Linux.

Windows PC to perform conversion
Kiwi 9.04 ISO
2GB or larger USB flash drive
KW904p.exe

If you are interested in creating a Kiwi USB Flash Drive using Windows, then please follow steps as provided below:

- first of all, please download and run KW904p.exe, extracting the contents to your PC. Please note that a KW904p folder is automatically created.
- now, please download the Kiwi 9.04 torrent and proceed to download the ISO using the favorite bittorrent client
- the next step is to place the kiwi-9.04.iso in the KW904p folder on the PC
- From the KW904p folder, please click KW904.bat and follow the onscreen instructions
- Please remember that once the script has finished, you need to restart the PC
- after restarting the PC, please set the BIOS or Boot Menu to boot from the USB device
- finally, please save the changes and reboot

now you will be able to boot from the Live USB Kiwi 9.04.

If you had followed all the steps as provided in this tutorial guide then you will be able to install Kiwi Linux on a flash drive

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to install Sugar on a stick. Before we go ahead with the process of installation, please note that Sugar on a Stick is a compressed version of Fedora 11. Sugar is a learning way for children and it presents with opportunities for children for collaborative learning through activities that encourage critical thinking.

It is good to know that in order to create sugar on a stick, we require essentials such as Windows host PC, 1GB and USB flash drive and liveusb-creator-x.x.zip.

Let’s start with the process of installation.
-first of all, please download the Fedora liveusb-creator-x.x.aip
- now, please extract the liveusb-creator-zip to the PC
- after extracting the liveusb-creator-zip, now please navigate to the liveusb-creator-x-x folder
- and click liveusb-creator.exe to launch the tool

For creating USB Fedora
- first of all, please select Sugar on a Stick from the Download Fedora dropdown
- then set the Target Device to point to the USB flash drive
- then move the Persistent Storage slider to set the capacity to use for storing changes
- finally, click Create Live USB to begin the creation process.
- after the process is complete, please restart the PC and set the System BIOS or Boot Menu to boot from the USB flash drive

If you followed all the instructions and guidance as presented in this tutorial guide, you would have successfully sugar on a stick to a flash drive.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to replace Windows with Kubuntu 9.04 by setting up a Kubuntu 9.04 desktop. The guide will cover installation of the Flash player, true type fonts, inventory, etc.

Let’s start with the flash player
If you would like to confirm if flash player has been installled correctly, please open Firefox and type about:plugins in the address bar. Firefox will then list all installed plugins, and it should list the Flash Playeramong them

If you would like to chck if the TrueType fonts have been installed correctly, you need to open a word processor like OpenOffice. You will be able to find the new Windows fonts there:
The inventory should look like:
Graphics:
[x] The GIMP
[x] F-Spot
[ ] Picasa
Internet:
[x] Firefox
[ ] Opera
[x] Flash Player
[x] FileZilla
[x] Thunderbird
[x] Evolution
[x] aMule
[x] KTorrent
[x] Azureus/Vuze
[x] Kopete
[x] Skype
[x] Google Earth
[x] Quassel IRC
Office:
[x] OpenOffice Writer
[x] OpenOffice Calc
[x] Adobe Reader
[x] GnuCash
[x] Scribus
Sound & Video:
[x] Amarok
[x] Audacity
[x] Banshee
[x] MPlayer
[x] Rhythmbox Music Player
[x] gtkPod
[x] XMMS
[x] dvd::rip
[x] Kino
[x] Sound Juicer CD Extractor
[x] VLC Media Player
[x] Helix Player
[x] Totem
[x] Xine
[x] Brasero
[x] K3B
[x] Multimedia-Codecs
Programming:
[x] KompoZer
[x] Bluefish
[x] Quanta Plus
Other:
[x] VirtualBox
[x] TrueType fonts
[x] Java
[x] Read/Write support for NTFS partitions

For opera, please open a browser and go to http://www.opera.com/browser/download/; select Ubuntu as the distribution and then Ubuntu 9.04 Jaunty Jackalope, Ubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex, Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron and click on the Download Opera button:

- You will note that a download dialogue box appears automatically
- Please select Open with and
- then select Browse… from the drop-down menu
- Select /usr/bin/gdebi-kde from the Choose Helper Application window:
- You should be able to see Open with gdebi-kde in the Firefox download dialogue,
- Please select that option and click on OK
- A Package Installer window pop up.
- Please click on the Install Package button to install Opera
- You need to type in your password:

Opera will be fully installed now. You can now cose the Package Installer window

If you would like to install Google Picasa, then please open Firefox and then download most appropriate deb package for the architecture (i386 or amd64):

Once the download is complete
- open the terminal
- and go to the location where you’ve saved the downloaded file (e.g. on your desktop):
cd ~/Desktop
- Picasa can be installed by running following command
sudo dpkg -i picasa_3.0-current
- You can delete the package afterwards to clean up the system by running following command:
rm -f picasa_3.0-current.

If you had followed the guidance and instructions as provided in this tutorial guide then you would have successfully installed the Flash player, True Type Fonts, Opera and Google Picasa.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to replace Windows with Kubuntu 9.04 by setting up a Kubuntu 9.04 desktop. The guide will cover installation of the Synaptic Package Manager and additional software.

Let’s start with the installation of the Synaptic Pakage Manager.

In order to install the Synaptic Package Manager over Kubuntu’s built-in package manager, please run following command:
sudo aptitude install synaptic

If you would like to install additional software then please open the Synaptic Package Manager
- by going to System and then Package Manager
- please type in your password:

In order to install addional additional software in the Synaptic Package Manager, please do a Quick search field to find packages.
After finding a package, please select it and then click on the checkbox in front of it and select Mark for Installation from the menu that comes up:

Please note that if a package has a dependency that needs to be satisfied, a window will pop up. All you need to do in this case is to accept the dependencies by clicking on Mark

Following packages will be available
gimp
f-spot
evolution
adobe-flashplugin
amule
audacity

dvdrip
filezilla
msttcorefonts
gnucash
gstreamer*
gtkpod-aac
sun-java6* (except sun-java6-doc)
brasero
kino
mplayer

- You need to select the package
- once you have selected the package, please click on Apply buttonAfter you’ve selected the desired packages, click on the Apply button:
- You have to confirm your selection. This can be done by clicking on Apply

The packages are now being downloaded from the repositories and installed. During installation process you might be asked to accept licences
- after the packages are being installed, please click on close,

- If you would like to finish the VirtualBox installation, you need to add the user that will run VirtualBox (we have used kino) to the vboxusers group. You can do this by opening the terminal and clicking on run:
sudo usermod -G vboxusers -kino.

IF you had followed the instructions and guidance as provided in this tutorial guide then you would have successfully installed the Synaptic Package Manager and additional software.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to replace Windows with Kubuntu 9.04 by setting up a Kubuntu 9.04 desktop. The guide will include configuration of additional repositories.

Let’s start with configuration of additional repositories. It is good to be aware of the packages that are not available in the stardard Kubuntu repositories. For example, Adobe Reader is not available in the standard Kubuntu repositories so in order to make it available, you need to add the Medibuntu repository.

- the first step is to open a terminal by going to System and the choosing Terminal
- now, we need to edit /etc/apt/sources.list…
sudo kate /etc/apt/sources.list
- the next step is to enable the jaunty partner repository by running following:
[…]
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical’s
## ‘partner’ repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu jaunty partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu jaunty partner
[…]

- now, please save the file.
- If you would like to enable the Medibuntu repository, then please follow the steps as provided below::
- first of all, import the repository by running following command:
sudo wget http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/jaunty.list –output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list
- now, please import the gpg-key
- and update the package-list by running following command:
sudo aptitude update && sudo aptitude install medibuntu-keyring && sudo aptitude update
- after that, please run following command:
sudo update-apt-xapian-index

If you have followed steps as mentioned in this tutorial guide then you would have successfully configured the repositories.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to replace Windows with Kubuntu 9.04 by setting up a Kubuntu 9.04 desktop.

During the part I of the tutorial guide, we successfully installed the base system.

Before we progress any further, it is good to check if there are any updates available for the system. This can be done by starting the KPackageKit package manager and for that we will go to:
- System
- Software Management
- now, we will click on Software Updates.
- by clicking on Softwarv updates, a list of the available will be displayed.
- If you would like to install them, then simply click on the apply all available updates
- You have to type in your password:
- The updates will be downloaded and installed
- now, you can simply click on OK to leave KPackageKit
- The system is now up-to-date.

If you would like to see which of the applications are installed then on the screen you will find ([x] and [] marks. ([x] means that an application that is already installed, where [ ] is an application that is missing:

Graphics application
[ ] The GIMP
[ ] F-Spot
[ ] Picasa

Internet applicatoion
[ ] Firefox
[ ] Opera
[ ] Flash Player
[ ] FileZilla
[ ] Thunderbird
[ ] Evolution
[ ] aMule
[x] KTorrent
[ ] Azureus/Vuze
[x] Kopete
[ ] Skype
[ ] Google Earth
[x] Quassel IRC

Office applicaiton
[x] OpenOffice Writer
[x] OpenOffice Calc
[ ] Adobe Reader
[ ] GnuCash
[ ] Scribus

Sound & Video
[x] Amarok
[ ] Audacity
[ ] Banshee
[ ] MPlayer
[ ] Rhythmbox Music Player
[ ] gtkPod
[ ] XMMS
[ ] dvd::rip
[ ] Kino
[ ] Sound Juicer CD Extractor
[ ] VLC Media Player
[ ] Helix Player
[ ] Totem
[ ] Xine
[ ] Brasero
[x] K3B
[ ] Multimedia-Codecs

Programming application
[ ] KompoZer
[ ] Bluefish
[ ] Quanta Plus

Other applications
[ ] VirtualBox
[ ] TrueType fonts
[ ] Java
[x] Read/Write support for NTFS partitions
So some applications are already on the system. NTFS read-/write support is enabled by default on Kubuntu 9.04.

If you followed the guidance as provided in this tutorial guide then you will have successfully checked various applications that are installed on the system

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial guide will provide a user with guidance and instructions on how to replace Windows with Kubuntu 9.04 by setting up a Kubuntu 9.04 desktop.

Please note that if you want to fully replace a Windows desktop then you require following software:
Graphics:
The GIMP - free software replacement for Adobe Photoshop
F-Spot - full-featured personal photo management application for the GNOME desktop
Google Picasa - application for organizing and editing digital photos
Internet:
Firefox
Opera
Flash Player 10
FileZilla - multithreaded FTP client
Thunderbird - email and news client
Evolution - combines e-mail, calendar, address book, and task list management functions
aMule - P2P file sharing application
KTorrent - Bittorrent client
Azureus/Vuze - Java Bittorrent client
Kopete - multi-platform instant messaging client
Skype
Google Earth
Quassel IRC - IRC client

Office:
OpenOffice Writer - replacement for Microsoft Word
OpenOffice Calc - replacement for Microsoft Excel
Adobe Reader
GnuCash - double-entry book-keeping personal finance system, similar to Quicken
Scribus - open source desktop publishing (DTP) application

Sound and Video:
Amarok - audio player
Audacity - free, open source, cross platform digital audio editor
Banshee - audio player, can encode/decode various formats and synchronize music with Apple iPods
MPlayer - media player (video/audio), supports WMA
Rhythmbox Music Player - audio player, similar to Apple’s iTunes, with support for iPods
gtkPod - software similar to Apple’s iTunes, supports iPod, iPod nano, iPod shuffle, iPod photo, and iPod mini
XMMS - audio player similar to Winamp
dvd::rip - full featured DVD copy program
Kino - free digital video editor
Sound Juicer CD Extractor - CD ripping tool, supports various audio codecs
VLC Media Player - media player (video/audio)
Helix Player - media player, similar to the Real Player
Totem - media player (video/audio)
Xine - media player, supports various formats; can play DVDs
Brasero - CD/DVD burning program
K3B - CD/DVD burning program
Multimedia Codecs

Programming:
KompoZer - WYSIWYG HTML editor, similar to Macromedia Dreamweaver, but not as feature-rich (yet)
Bluefish - text editor, suitable for many programming and markup languages
Quanta Plus - web development environment, including a WYSIWYG editor

Now, let’s see that how we can install the base system.
Please follow the steps as mentioned below:

-first of all, please download the Kubuntu 9.04 Desktop iso image from http://www.kubuntu.org/getkubuntu
- after downloading the image, please burn it onto a CD, and boot the computer from it.
- now, please select your language:

- after choosing the language, now please choose Try Kubuntu without any change to your computer - this boots the Live system so that you can see if Kubuntu works on the hardware. We can then install Kubuntu from the Live system.

- when the Live desktop has started, please choose install option by clicking on the Install icon on the desktop to start the installation to the hard drive:

- you will notice that the installer starts.
- when the installation starts, please
- now select your language:
- after selecting the language, please choose the time zone
- now, please change the keyboard layout, if you really want to or if it isnecessary:

- you will notice that the partitioning of the hard disk arrives. It is recommended to use the entire disk. Please note that the

- now, you can type in your real name, your desired username along with a password,
- after typing in your username, please click on Forward:

- you will notice that another screen will appear which will provide a summary of the installation settings
- please click on install and start the installation process

- you will notice that Kubuntu will be installed. You have to be patient as this can take few minutes time
- after the completion of the installation process you will be requested to reboot the system and for that you have to choose the restart now option.
- At this stage, the Live-CD desktop shuts down and the Kubuntu CD is ejected.
- all you have to do is to remove it from the CD drive and
- press the key to boot into the new Kubuntu desktop

- You will notice that the new Kubuntu system starts.
- now you can log in to the desktop with the username and password you provided during the installation
- now you are able to use the base system.

If you followed the guidance as provided in this tutorial guide then you will have successfully installed the base system.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial will provide you with instructions and advise about how to start the installation process for FreeBSD on the computer.

Please note that by default, the installation will not make any changes to the disk, until following message is displayed:
Last Chance: Are you SURE you want continue the installation?
If you’re running this on a disk with data you wish to save then WESTRONGLY ENCOURAGE YOU TO MAKE PROPER BACKUPS before proceeding!
We can take no responsibility for lost disk contents!

The install can be exited at any time prior to the final warning without changing the contents of the hard drive. If you are concerned that you have configured something incorrectly you can just turn the computer off before this point, and no damage will be done.
In order to boot the i386, please follow the steps as mentioned below:
- please start with your computer turned off.
- Turn on the computer.
- As soon as the computer starts it will display an option to enter the system set up menu, or BIOS, commonly reached by keys like F2, F10, Del, or Alt+S. Use whichever keystroke is indicated on screen. If the computer displays a graphic while it starts, then please press Esc and this will escape the graphic and allow the necessary messages to be visible.
- now, please locate the setting that controls which devices the system boots from. It is labeled as the Boot Order and commonly shown as a list of devices, such as Floppy, CDROM, First Hard Disk, and so on.If you want to boot floppies, then please ensure that the floppy disk is selected, but if you are booting from the CDROM then please ensure that CDROM is selected.
- After making changes, please don’t forget to save and exit. Please ensure that the computer restarts.
If you are planning to prepare boot floppies, then one of them will be the first boot disc, probably the one containing boot.flp. Put this disc in your floppy drive.
If you are booting from CDROM, then you will need to turn on the computer, and insert the CDROM at the first opportunity.
Please note that if the computer starts up as normal and loads the existing operating system, then either:
- the disks were not inserted early enough in the boot process. You can leave them in, and restart the computer.
- or it could be possible that the BIOS changes did not work correctly. In order to deal with this, you should redo that step until you get the right option.
FreeBSD will start to boot. If you are booting from CDROM you will see a display similar to this :
Booting from CD-Rom…
CD Loader 1.2

Building the boot loader arguments
Looking up /BOOT/LOADER… Found
Relocating the loader and the BTX
Starting the BTX loader

BTX loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.01
Console: internal video/keyboard
BIOS CD is cd0
BIOS drive C: is disk0
BIOS drive D: is disk1
BIOS 639kB/261120kB available memory

FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1

Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
/boot/kernel/kernel text=0×64daa0 data=0xa4e80+0xa9e40 syms=[0×4+0×6cac0+0×4+0×88e9d]
\
Please note that if you are booting from floppy disc, then you will see a display similar to this:

Booting from Floppy…
Uncompressing … done

BTX loader 1.00 BTX version is 1.01
Console: internal video/keyboard
BIOS drive A: is disk0
BIOS drive C: is disk1
BIOS 639kB/261120kB available memory

FreeBSD/i386 bootstrap loader, Revision 1.1

Loading /boot/defaults/loader.conf
/kernel text=0×277391 data=0×3268c+0×332a8 |

Insert disk labelled “Kernel floppy 1″ and press any key…

- If you follow the instructions by removing the boot.flp disc, insert the kern1.flp disc, and please press Enter.
- Boot from first floppy; when prompted, insert the other disks as required.
- Whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the boot process will then get to the FreeBSD boot loader menu
- Either wait ten seconds, or press Enter.

- If you would like to boot for the Alpha, then please start with your computer turned off.
- Turn on the computer and wait for a boot monitor prompt.
- If you need to prepare boot floppies, then one of them will be the first boot disc, probably the one containing boot.flp. - You can put this disc in the floppy drive and type the following command to boot the disk:
>>>BOOT DVA0 -FLAGS ” -FILE ”

- In order to boot from CDROM, please insert the CDROM into the drive and type the following command to start the installation:
>>>BOOT DKA0 -FLAGS ” -FILE ”
FreeBSD will start to boot.

- When you will boot from a floppy disc, you will see the following message:
Insert disk labelled “Kernel floppy 1″ and press any key…
- please follow the instructions by removing the boot.flp disc,
- insert the kern1.flp disc,
- and press Enter.
- Whether you booted from floppy or CDROM, the boot process will then get to this point:
Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt.
Booting [kernel] in 9 seconds… _
Either wait ten seconds, or press Enter. This will then launch the kernel configuration menu.

As most of the Sparc64 systems are set up to boot automatically from diskso, in order to install FreeBSD, you need to boot over the network or from a CDROM, which requires you to break into the PROM

In orde to do this, you need to reboot the system, and wait until the boot message appears as provided below:
Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.
Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.

If the system proceeds to boot from disk , then all you need to do is press L1+A or Stop+A on the keyboard, or send a BREAK over the serial console.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The tutorial will provide you with instructions and advise about how to install FreeBSD on your computer.

It is good to know that the FreeBSD installation process can install FreeBSD from files located in any of the places such:

Local Media.
Local media can be, a CDROM or DVD, a DOS partition on the same computer, a SCSI or QIC tape and Floppy disks

Network
A network can be a FTP site, going through a firewall, or using an HTTP proxy, an NFS server and a dedicated parallel or serial connection

Please note that if you have purchased FreeBSD on CD or DVD then you already have everything you need.

Let’s see how the installation process for FreeBSD can be started by.The FreeBSD installation process is started by booting the computer into the FreeBSD installer. The computer normally boots using the operating system installed on the hard disk, but it can also be configured to use a bootable floppy disk. Most modern computers can also boot from a CDROM in the CDROM drive.

If you would like to create boot floppy images then please follow the steps:

- first of all, acquire the Boot Floppy Images
The boot disks are available on the installation media in the floppies/ directory, and can also be downloaded from the floppies directory, ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases//-RELEASE/floppies/. Replace and with the architecture and the version number which you want to install, respectively.

Please note that the floppy images have a .flp extension. The floppies/ directory contains a number of different images, and the ones you will need to use depends on the version of FreeBSD you are installing, and in some cases, the hardware you are installing to. In most cases you will need four floppies, boot.flp, kern1.flp, kern2.flp, and kern3.flp.

- secondly, please prepare the floppy disks
Please note if you want to download image file then you need to prepare one floppy disk per image file. It is a good idea to test the disks by formating them.

Please note that when going through the installation process for FreeBSD, if the installation program crashes, freezes, or otherwise misbehaves, then a possible cause could be the floppy disk. If this is the case, then please write the floppy image files to new disks.

- how to write the Image Files to the Floppy Disks
The .flp files the images of the complete contents of the disk. This means that a user cannot simply copy files from one disk to another. Instead, specific tools are required to write the images directly to the disk.

If you are using the floppies from the CDROM, and the CDROM is the F: drive, then it is good practice to run :
F:\> tools\fdimage floppies\boot.flp A:

Please repeat this command for each .flp file, replacing the floppy disk each time, being sure to label the disks with the name of the file that you copied to them. Adjust the command line as necessary, depending on where you have placed the .flp files.

If you want to write the image files directly to disk, then please run this command on FreeBSD:
# dd if=boot.flp of=/dev/fd0

Please note that on FreeBSD, /dev/fd0 refers to the first floppy disk (the A: drive). /dev/fd1 would be the B: drive, and so on.

If you followed the instructions and guidance as provided in this tutorial, then you will have successfully installed the FreeBSD.

Welcome to the tutorial guide. The guide will provide a user with advice and guidance on how to install freebsd. before we go ahead with the installation process, it is good to know the hardware requirements. Let’s have a look at hardware requirements.

Hardware Requirements
It is good to know the minimal configuration to install FreeBSD varies with the FreeBSD version and the hardware architecture.

Please note that both FreeBSD/i386 and FreeBSD/pc98 require a 486 or better processor and at least 24 MB of RAM. You will need at least 150 MB of free hard drive space for the most minimal installation.

If you would like to install FreeBSD/alpha, then you require a supported platform and a dedicated disk for FreeBSD. It is not possible to share a disk with another operating system at this time. This disk will need to be attached to a SCSI controller which is supported by the SRM firmware or an IDE disk assuming the SRM in your machine supports booting from IDE disks.
You will also require the SRM console firmware for the platform. In some cases, it is possible to switch between AlphaBIOS (or ARC) firmware and SRM. In others it will be necessary to download new firmware from the vendor’s Web site.

If you would like to install a FreeBSD/sparc64
To install FreeBSD/sparc64, then you require a supported platform and you will also need a dedicated disk for FreeBSD/sparc64. It is not possible to share a disk with another operating system at this time.

plesde note that a list of supported hardware is provided with each FreeBSD release in the FreeBSD Hardware Notes.

Please note that we need to have a look at following pre-installation Tasks

Inventory Your Computer
It is a good idea to inventory the components of the computer before installing FreeBSD. The FreeBSD installation routines will show a user the components which are CDROM drives, network cards, hard disks, etc., with the model number and manufacturer. FreeBSD will also attempt to determine the correct configuration for these devices, which includes information about IRQ and IO port usage.

Once the inventory of the components in the computer is done, you have to check if they match the hardware requirements of the FreeBSD release you want to install.

Backup the Data
If the computer you will be installing FreeBSD on contains valuable data, then ensure you have it backed up, and that you have tested the backups before installing FreeBSD. The FreeBSD installation routine will prompt you before writing any data to your disk, but once that process has started it cannot be undone.

How to decide that where to Install FreeBSD
If you would like FreeBSD to co-exist with other operating systems then you need to have a rough understanding of how data is laid out on the disk, and how this can affect.

Disk Layouts for FreeBSD/i386
A PC disk can be divided into discrete partitions. Since FreeBSD internally also has partitions, the naming can become confusing very quickly, therefore these disk partitions can be referred to as disk slices or simply slices in FreeBSD itself.

By design, the PC only supports four partitions per disk. These partitions are called primary partitions. To work around this limitation and allow more than four partitions, a new partition type was created, the extended partition. A disk may contain only one extended partition. Special partitions, called logical partitions, can be created inside this extended partition.

Please note that each partition has a partition ID, which is a number used to identify the type of data on the partition.

FreeBSD must be installed into a primary partition. FreeBSD can keep all its data, including any files that you create, on this one partition. However, if you have multiple disks, then you can create a FreeBSD partition on all, or some, of them. When you install FreeBSD, you must have one partition available. This might be a blank partition that you have prepared, or it might be an existing partition that contains data that you no longer care about.

A minimal installation of FreeBSD takes as little as 100 MB of disk space. A more realistic minimum is 250 MB without a graphical environment, and 350 MB or more if you want a graphical user interface. Please note that if you are planning to install a lot of third-party software, then you will require more space. If you want to resize the partitions, then you can use free tool.

Please note that you will need a dedicated disk for FreeBSD on the Alpha. It is not possible to share a disk with another operating system. Depending on the specific Alpha machine you have, this disk can either be a SCSI disk or an IDE disk, as long as your machine is capable of booting from it.

IF you would like to know the names and types of disks in the machine, then please use the SHOW DEVICE command from the SRM console prompt:
>>>SHOW DEVICE
dka0.0.0.4.0 DKA2 TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-57 3476
dkc0.0.0.1009.0 DKC4 RZ1BB-BS 0658
dkc100.1.0.1009.0 DKC104 SEAGATE ST34501W 0015
dva0.0.0.0.1 DVA0
ewa0.0.0.3.0 EWA0 00-00-F8-75-6D-01
pkc0.7.0.1009.0 PKC0 SCSI Bus ID 7 5.27
pqa0.0.0.4.0 PQA0 PCI EIDE
pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE

The mentioned shows three disks attached to the machine. The first is a CDROM drive called DKA2 and the other two are disks and are called DKC4 and DKC104 respectively.
Disks with names of the form DKx are SCSI disks. For example DKA100 refers to a SCSI disk with SCSI target ID 1 on the first SCSI bus (A), whereas DKC300 refers to a SCSI disk with SCSI ID 3 on the third SCSI bus (C). Devicename PKx refers to the SCSI host bus adapter. As seen in the SHOW DEVICE output SCSI CDROM drives are treated as any other SCSI hard disk drive.
IDE disks have names similar to DQx, while PQx is the associated IDE controller.

If you are planning to connect to a network then you need to know the network configuration. Please note that you will be prompted for this information during the installation so that FreeBSD can connect to the network to complete the install.

If you want to connect to an Ethernet network, or you have an Internet connection using an Ethernet adapter via cable or DSL, then following information is important:
IP address
IP address of the default gateway
Hostname
DNS server IP addresses
Subnet Mask

If you do not know have this information then you can contact the system administrator or service provider.

If you are going to use a dial up to an ISP using a regular modem then you can install FreeBSD over the Internet. The only weakness with this is that it will take a long time.

You will need to know:
The phone number to dial for your ISP
The COM: port your modem is connected to
The username and password for your ISP account

If you have followed the steps as mentioned in this tutorial, then you will have successfully understood the FreeBSD installation process.